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Banking in India, in the modern sense, originated in the last decade of the 18th century. Among the first banks were the Bank of Hindustan, which was established in 1770 and liquidated in 1829–32; and the General Bank of India, established in 1786 but failed in 1791.
The largest bank, and the oldest still in existence, is the State Bank of India (S.B.I). It originated and started working as the Bank of Calcutta in mid-June 1806. In 1809, it was renamed as the Bank of Bengal. This was one of the three banks founded by a presidency government, the other two were the Bank of Bombay in 1840 and the Bank of Madras in 1843. The three banks were merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which upon India's independence, became the State Bank of India in 1955. For many years the presidency banks had acted as quasi-central banks, as did their successors, until the Reserve Bank of India[5] was established in 1935, under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
In 1960, the State Banks of India was given control of eight state-associated banks under the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959. These are now called its associate banks.[6] In 1969 the Indian government nationalised 14 major private banks, one of the big bank was Bank of India. In 1980, 6 more private banks were nationalised.[8] These nationalised banks are the majority of lenders in the Indian economy. They dominate the banking sector because of their large size and widespread networks.
The Indian banking sector is broadly classified into scheduled and non-scheduled banks. The scheduled banks are those included under the 2nd Schedule of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The scheduled banks are further classified into: nationalised banks; State Bank of India and its associates; Regional Rural Banks (RRBs); foreign banks; and other Indian private sector banks.[7] The term commercial banks refers to both scheduled and non-scheduled commercial banks regulated under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.[10]
1 China Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
2 China China Construction Bank Corporation
3 China Agricultural Bank of China
4 China Bank of China
5 Japan Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group
6 United States JPMorgan Chase & Co.
7 United Kingdom HSBC Holdings PLC
8 France BNP Paribas
9 United States Bank of America
10 France Crédit Agricole
11 United States Wells Fargo & Co.
12 Japan Japan Post Bank
13 United States Citigroup Inc.
14 Japan Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group
15 Germany Deutsche Bank
16 Spain Banco Santander
17 Japan Mizuho Financial Group
18 United Kingdom Barclays PLC
19 France Société Générale
20 France Groupe BPCE
21 China Bank of Communications
22 China Postal Savings Bank of China
23 United Kingdom Lloyds Banking Group
24 Canada Royal Bank of Canada
25 Canada Toronto-Dominion Bank
26 Netherlands ING Group
27 Japan Norinchukin Bank
28 Italy UniCredit
29 United Kingdom Royal Bank of Scotland Group
30 China Industrial Bank (China)
31 China China Merchants Bank
32 Italy Intesa Sanpaolo
33 China Shanghai Pudong Development Bank
34 Switzerland UBS
35 United States Goldman Sachs
36 China China Minsheng Bank
37 China China CITIC Bank
38 United States Morgan Stanley
39 France Crédit Mutuel
40 Switzerland Credit Suisse
41 Spain Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria
42 Canada Scotiabank
43 Australia Commonwealth Bank
44 Netherlands Rabobank
45 Australia Australia and New Zealand Banking Group
46 Sweden Nordea
47 Australia Westpac
48 United Kingdom Standard Chartered
49 China China Everbright Bank
50 Australia National Australia Bank
51 Germany DZ Bank
52 Canada Bank of Montreal
53 Denmark Danske Bank
54 Germany Commerzbank
55 India State Bank of India
56 Japan Resona Holdings
57 Italy Cassa Depositi e Prestiti
58 China Ping An Bank
59 Canada Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
60 Japan Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings